Non-uniform Haar Wavelet Method for Solving Singularly Perturbed Differential Difference Equations of Neuronal Variability

A non-uniform Haar wavelet method is proposed on specially designed non-uniform grid for the numerical treatment of singularly perturbed differential-difference equations arising in neuronal variability.We convert the delay and shift terms using Taylor series up to second order and then the problem with delay and shift is converted into a new problem without the delay and shift terms. Then it is solved by using non-uniform Haar wavelet. Two test examples have been demonstrated to show the accuracy of the non-uniform Haar wavelet method. The performance of the present method yield more accurate results on increasing the resolution level and converges fast in comparison to uniform Haar wavelet

A Systemic Model for Managing and Evaluating Conflicts in Organizational Change

Change or innovation diffusion is a key issue for most business organizations but is yet difficult to implement as the change management process is often complex as it relies on an organized methodology to complement an organization\u27s commitment and participation. An ambiguous environment surrounding change mechanism tends to develop unintended attitudes, resulting in resistance and conflict. The study proposes a model for the management of such conflicts among change participants (involved and affected) in the context of organizational change. The authors consider organizational change process as an innovation project that treats change and conflicts holistically with the Ulrich\u27s notion of boundary considerations (boundary critique). A social network setting of multiple stakeholders is considered to effectively help in resolving problematic situations that hinder organizational learning and change. The proposed model provides a theoretical foundation based on concepts governing Critical Systems Heuristics (CSH), change theory, stakeholder theory and conflict managemen

Systemic Problems in Information Technology Adoption and Use: A Systems Thinking Perspective

Understanding and creating the conditions under which information systems will be embraced by human organizations (thinking systems) remain a high-priority research issue. Despite numerous benefits associated with Information Technology (IT), there exist some intervening factors (systemic problems or issues) that impede technology’s widespread adoption and use in organisations. Established information technology adoption models like TAM, TRA etc. view technology adoption from the users’ perspective without taking a strategic perspective into account. As an alternative focus we suggest that addressing systemic problems can be a method of reducing fundamental barriers to organizational progress. This paper presents some real life examples of IT projects in organizations which experienced failures or barriers related to IT adoption processes. The issues are framed as systemic problems and are analysed from a ‘systems thinking’ perspective. The paper argues that some of the issues contributing to the failure/barrier cannot be easily explained by traditional user acceptance models like TAM or TAM2. The paper presents a number of systems thinking principles that can be used to analyse organizational contexts. It also provides some recommendations and suggests a new research direction based on the marriage of ‘Systems Thinking’ approaches and ‘Adoption Model Theories’. This research will help in identifying the relationships between the determinant factors of the technology acceptance models and the concepts involved in systems thinking approaches. We believe the integration of the two approaches will facilitate improved technology adoption, organizational learning and change

Sanctuary in the Midst of Crisis? A Look into Shariah Indices using Multivariate GARCH DCC

Islamic Finance has evolved over the past few decades, and stands at over a trilliondollars today. At the foundations of Islamic finance lay the concept of risk sharing, and the purest forms of it in the modern day finance is equity investments. The evidence of Islamic investors pursing equity investments in reality is thin. Multitude of reasons are attributed to this low participation, mainly revolving around lack of empirical proof of Islamic investments being a reliable and steady return alternative. This study is an attempt to study the volatilities and correlations with the conventional global equity indices utilizing Multivariate GARCH Dynamic Conditional Correlations (MGARCH DCC) method. The findings provide an interesting angleto our study, where there is a significant downwards trend in the correlations during the crisis era. This provides substance to the argument that Islamic investors would experience lesser downside in economic crisis. This study further dwells into the linkage of Islamic indices with global financial indices to study if financial sector exclusion from Islamic indices benefits theinvestors. The findings are positive, with lower correlations and that to reducing in the recent global crisis. Islamic finances core philosophy is equity based investments and this study is a humble attempt to empirically substantiate its benefits

UNDERSTANDING ASIAN EMERGING STOCK MARKETS

We use a three-step process employing multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis tostudy time-varying changes in the volatility and efficiency of Asian emerging equitymarkets. Our findings suggest that, in emerging markets, long-term stability andefficiency are linked to market development and liberalization. Our findings furthersuggest that financial crises have a negative impact on the efficiency of emergingmarkets but only in the short term.We use a three-step process employing multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis tostudy time-varying changes in the volatility and efficiency of Asian emerging equitymarkets. Our findings suggest that, in emerging markets, long-term stability andefficiency are linked to market development and liberalization. Our findings furthersuggest that financial crises have a negative impact on the efficiency of emergingmarkets but only in the short term

Snake Bite: Clinical Profile and Evaluation of Effective Anti-Snake Venom Dose

Background: To determine the optimal dose of antisnake venom required to treat hemotoxic snake bite more effectively. Methods: In this interventional study, out of 52 patients 46 patients with the features of systemic envenomation .i.e. deranged coagulation profile, nephrotoxic or neurotoxic features were assessed clinically and through laboratory tests, while 06 patients had no feature of envenomation. Patients with systemic envenomation were given Antisnake venom. Results: Hemotoxicity was the most common clinical manifestation of snake bite i.e. 39 patients of hemotoxic envenomation, 4 with neurotoxic features while 03 patients had mixed toxicity i.e. hemotoxic, neurotoxic and nephrotoxic. 12 patients responded to single dose of 06 vials (10 ml each vial; total dose of 60 ml), 28 patients required further dose of anti snake venom after initial dose of 6 vials while 06 patients received even higher dose of anti snake venom i.e. 18 vial (180 ml) with blood transfusion. Of these 06 patients, 02 required mechanical ventilation, 02 with nephrotoxicity were referred to dialysis unit, and 02 mortalities were encountered, one with intracranial bleed and other with mixed toxicity and delayed presentation of patient. Conclusion: Most patients with envenomation require higher dose of anti snake venom . An increase in morbidity and mortality is mainly due to delayed presentation after snake bite and under dosage of ASV

Distributed Virtual Disk Storage System

Distributed Virtual Disk Storage System (DVDSS) is a reliable and fully decentralized storage system which is based on the concept of Distributed Storage and Virtual Disk. It is Client / Server architecture and utilizes all free space of desktop machines of a LAN for storage purposes. DVDSS converts all storage of computers on the LAN into a large disk, create a virtual disk and provide this disk to all users of the system. Users can store their data files and folders on this disk and they can retrieve their data whenever they need. DVDSS provides a transparent and reliable access to data. It also provides data consistency and data security. The recovery of data when a node fails is also provided by DVDSS. The objective of system is to combine the all storage space of a LAN and utilize it for storage of user's data in transparent and reliable manner. Keywords: Distributed Storage, Virtual Disk, Space Utilization, data recovery, data consistency

An Investigation on Academic Writing Problems Encountered by Undergraduate Students of Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sanghar Campus

The aim of this research is to investigate the academic writing problems encountered by undergraduate students of Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sanghar Campus and to suggest the effective strategies to cope up these problems. Qualitative method was used to collect the data in which 12 students and 3 teachers were selected for semi structured interviews. The conducted interviews were thematically analyzed. Findings of this research revealed that the lack of logical thinking, intended delivering expressions and repetition of ideas in academic writing are the major problems of student. Teachers recommended some strategies that writing short sentences, using simple vocabulary, mind mapping, influential language and cohesive devices can help students to improve academic writing.  The study suggested that critical reading and frequent feedback from teachers will help students to overcome the problems of academic writing. Keywords: Academic writing, logical thinking, undergraduate students, and vocabulary. DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/68-03 Publication date:May 31st 202